How are discs made?
DEMO AT THE BOTTOM!
A Disc is made up of four layers. The first layer is the thickest and easiest to repair.
However, the other three layers combined (reflective foil, lacquer, and graphic) are only as thin as a human hair and offer little or no protection to the data beneath them.
You can see the different layers in the demo.

Graphical Layer (fourth layer)
A layer of ink is screened onto the lacquer layer for dynamic graphic and/or sales impact.
Recordable CDs don't have this layer
Lacquer Layer (third layer)
Lacquer is dripped onto the disc and spun at high speed to create a thin layer of sealant for the foil layer. This seals in the foil layer, but offers little or no protection for the data beneath.
Reflective Foil Layer (second layer)
A micro thin layer of aluminum (copper, silver or gold on higher quality CDs) is applied to the top of the CD covering the data. This layer reflects the laser beam back through the plastic disc, allowing the stamped data to be read.
Polycarbonate Plastic Disc (first layer)
Data is stamped on the topside of a plastic disc creating millions of "on" and "off's" or zeros and ones.
On recordable CDs, data can be burned in at different levels within the plastic disc, for multi-session recording.
Please note that recordable CDs have a much thinner layer due to the manufacturers name printed on this layer.

skippydiscs demo of disc layers